4D v13.4

Using the GROUP BY clause

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4D v13.4
Using the GROUP BY clause

Using the GROUP BY clause  


 

 

We would like to get some information about the number of tickets sold each year starting with 1979. The result will be sorted by year.
To do this, we must total all the tickets sold for every movie in each year more recent than 1979, and then sort the result by year.

  • The initial query in 4D code would be:

      ` Using standard 4D code
     ARRAY INTEGER(aMovieYear;0)
     ARRAY LONGINT(aSoldTickets;0)
     C_LONGINT($MovieYear;$vCrtMovieYear;$i)
     
     REDUCE SELECTION([MOVIES];0)
     $MovieYear:=1979
     QUERY([MOVIES];[MOVIES]Year_of_Movie>=$MovieYear)
     ORDER BY([MOVIES];[MOVIES]Year_of_Movie;>)
     $vCrtMovieYear:=0
     $vInd:=Size of array(aMovieYear)
     For($i;1;Records in selection([MOVIES]))
        If([MOVIES]Year_of_Movie#$vCrtMovieYear)
           $vCrtMovieYear:=[MOVIES]Year_of_Movie
           $vInd:=$vInd+1
           INSERT IN ARRAY(aMovieYear;$vInd;1)
           aMovieYear{$vInd}:=$vCrtMovieYear
           INSERT IN ARRAY(aSoldTickets;$vInd;1)
        End if
        aSoldTickets{$vInd}:=aSoldTickets{$vInd}+[MOVIES]Sold_Tickets
        NEXT RECORD([MOVIES])
     End for
      ` Initialize the rest of the list box columns in order to display the information
     ARRAY TEXT(aTitles;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aDirectors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aMedias;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY LONGINT(aNrActors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
  • Using the SQL code, the above query becomes:

      ` Using 4D SQL
     ARRAY INTEGER(aMovieYear;0)
     ARRAY LONGINT(aSoldTickets;0)
     C_LONGINT($MovieYear)
     
     REDUCE SELECTION([MOVIES];0)
     $MovieYear:=1979
     Begin SQL
        SELECT Year_of_Movie, SUM(Sold_Tickets)
        FROM MOVIES
        WHERE Year_of_Movie >= :$MovieYear
        GROUP BY Year_of_Movie
        ORDER BY 1
        INTO :aMovieYear,  :aSoldTickets;
     End SQL
      ` Initialize the rest of the list box columns in order to display the information
     ARRAY TEXT(aTitles;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aDirectors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aMedias;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY LONGINT(aNrActors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
  • Using generic SQL commands, the above query becomes:

      ` Using ODBC commands
     C_TEXT($tQueryTxt)
     ARRAY LONGINT(aSoldTickets;0)
     ARRAY INTEGER(aMovieYear;0)
     C_LONGINT($MovieYear)
     
     REDUCE SELECTION([MOVIES];0)
     $MovieYear:=1979
     SQL LOGIN(SQL_INTERNAL;"";"")
     $tQueryTxt:=""
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+"SELECT Year_of_Movie, SUM(Sold_Tickets)"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" FROM MOVIES"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" WHERE Year_of_Movie >= :$MovieYear"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" GROUP BY Year_of_Movie"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" ORDER BY 1"
     SQL EXECUTE($tQueryTxt;aMovieYear;aSoldTickets)
     SQL LOAD RECORD(SQL All Records)
     SQL LOGOUT
      ` Initialize the rest of the list box columns in order to display the information
     ARRAY TEXT(aTitles;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aDirectors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aMedias;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY LONGINT(aNrActors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
  • Using the QUERY BY SQL command, the above query becomes:

      ` Using QUERY BY SQL
     ARRAY LONGINT(aSoldTickets;0)
     ARRAY INTEGER(aMovieYear;0)
     C_LONGINT($MovieYear)
     
     REDUCE SELECTION([MOVIES];0)
     $MovieYear:=1979
     QUERY BY SQL([MOVIES];"Year_of_Movie >= :$MovieYear")
     ORDER BY([MOVIES];[MOVIES]Year_of_Movie;>)
     $vCrtMovieYear:=0
     $vInd:=Size of array(aMovieYear)
     For($i;1;Records in selection([MOVIES]))
        If([MOVIES]Year_of_Movie#$vCrtMovieYear)
           $vCrtMovieYear:=[MOVIES]Year_of_Movie
           $vInd:=$vInd+1
           INSERT IN ARRAY(aMovieYear;$vInd;1)
           aMovieYear{$vInd}:=$vCrtMovieYear
           INSERT IN ARRAY(aSoldTickets;$vInd;1)
        End if
        aSoldTickets{$vInd}:=aSoldTickets{$vInd}+[MOVIES]Sold_Tickets
        NEXT RECORD([MOVIES])
     End for
      ` Initialize the rest of the list box columns in order to display the information
     ARRAY TEXT(aTitles;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aDirectors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aMedias;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY LONGINT(aNrActors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
  • Using the SQL EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command, the query above becomes:

      ` Using dynamic SQL by EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
     C_TEXT($tQueryTxt)
     ARRAY LONGINT(aSoldTickets;0)
     ARRAY INTEGER(aMovieYear;0)
     C_LONGINT($MovieYear)
     
     $MovieYear:=1979
     $tQueryTxt:=""
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+"SELECT Year_of_Movie, SUM(Sold_Tickets)"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" FROM MOVIES"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" WHERE Year_of_Movie >= :$MovieYear"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" GROUP BY Year_of_Movie"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" ORDER BY 1"
     $tQueryTxt:=$tQueryTxt+" INTO :aMovieYear, :aSoldTickets;"
     Begin SQL
        EXECUTE IMMEDIATE :$tQueryTxt;
     End SQL
      ` Initialize the rest of the list box columns in order to display the information
     ARRAY TEXT(aTitles;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aDirectors;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY TEXT(aMedias;Size of array(aMovieYear))
     ARRAY LONGINT(aNrActors;Size of array(aMovieYear))

To test all the above examples, launch the "4D SQL Code Samples" database and go to the main window. You can then choose the query mode and press the GROUP BY clause button.

 
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Product: 4D
Theme: Tutorial